Association between body composition, nutritional parameters, and capillary blood glucose in young adults
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70983/ffnd2g64Keywords:
Glucose, Lean mass, Fat mass, NutrientsAbstract
Introduction: Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, partly due to the imbalance between fat mass and lean mass, which negatively affects glucose regulation, insulin sensitivity, and inflammatory status. This study aimed to analyze the association between body composition, dietary intake, and capillary glucose levels in young adults from Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Methods: A total of 27 young adults (mean age 27.63 ± 8.48 years) were included. Anthropometric variables, body composition by bioelectrical impedance, fasting capillary glucose levels (8–10 h), and dietary intake via a 24-hour dietary recall were assessed. Participants were classified into two groups according to their glucose levels: normoglycemia (<100 mg/dL) and hyperglycemia (≥100 mg/dL).
Results: Participants in the hyperglycemic group showed a higher percentage of body fat, lower muscle mass, and lower intake of vitamins B6 and E compared to those in the normoglycemic group. Significant correlations were found between capillary glucose levels and body fat percentage (r = 0.483, p = 0.014), muscle mass (r = -0.475, p = 0.016), total body water (r = -0.505, p = 0.010), hip circumference (r = 0.483, p = 0.014), vitamin B6 intake (r = -0.444, p = 0.017), and vitamin E intake (r = -0.345, p = 0.044).
Conclusion: Higher body fat percentage, lower muscle mass, and inadequate intake of vitamins B6 and E are associated with elevated capillary glucose levels. Promoting healthy body composition and micronutrient-rich diets may play a key role in the early prevention of metabolic disturbances.
References
Akbari, M., & Hassan-Zadeh, V. (2018). IL-6 signalling pathways and the development of type 2 diabetes. Inflammopharmacology, 26(3), 685–698. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-018-0458-0
Campos-Nonato, I., Galván-Valencia, O., Hernández-Barrera, L., Oviedo-Solís, C., & Barquera, S. (2023). Prevalence of obesity and associated risk factors in Mexican adults: results of the Ensanut 2022. Salud Publica de Mexico, 65. https://doi.org/10.21149/14809
Chacón Zenteno, C. A., Gómez Pérez, J. D., & Rodríguez Feliciano, M. Á. (2019). RELACIÓN DEL ÍNDICE DE MASA CORPORAL (IMC) Y CIRCUNFERENCIA DE CINTURA (CC) CON GLUCOSA, COLESTEROL Y TRIGLICÉRIDOS EN ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA. Revista Espacio I+D Innovación Más Desarrollo, 9(23), 69–83. https://doi.org/10.31644/IMASD.23.2020.a05
Chu, N., Chan, T. Y., Chu, Y. K., Ling, J., He, J., Leung, K., Ma, R. C. W., Chan, J. C. N., & Chow, E. (2023). Higher dietary magnesium and potassium intake are associated with lower body fat in people with impaired glucose tolerance. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10, 1169705. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1169705
Costello, E., Goodrich, J., Patterson, W. B., Rock, S., Li, Y., Baumert, B., Gilliland, F., Goran, M. I., Chen, Z., Alderete, T. L., Conti, D. V., & Chatzi, L. (2022). Diet Quality Is Associated with Glucose Regulation in a Cohort of Young Adults. Nutrients, 14(18), 13–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14183734
Haines, M. S., Dichtel, L. E., Santoso, K., Torriani, M., Miller, K. K., & Bredella, M. A. (2020). Association between muscle mass and insulin sensitivity independent of detrimental adipose depots in young adults with overweight/obesity. International Journal of Obesity (2005), 44(9), 1851–1858. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-020-0590-y
Haines, M. S., Leong, A., Porneala, B. C., Meigs, J. B., & Miller, K. K. (2022). Association between muscle mass and diabetes prevalence independent of body fat distribution in adults under 50 years old. Nutrition & Diabetes, 12(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-022-00204-4
Herrero, L., & David, S. (2024). Terapia génica para el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2 y la obesidad. DIABETES, 86.
Hulett, N. A., Scalzo, R. L., & Reusch, J. E. B. (2022). Glucose Uptake by Skeletal Muscle within the Contexts of Type 2 Diabetes and Exercise: An Integrated Approach. Nutrients, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030647
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. (2023). Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut Continua 2023) e indicadores de salud, desarrollo infantil temprano y nutrición de la primera infancia de Sinaloa.
Jarvis, P. R. E., Cardin, J. L., Nisevich-Bede, P. M., & McCarter, J. P. (2023). Continuous glucose monitoring in a healthy population: understanding the post-prandial glycemic response in individuals without diabetes mellitus. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 146(June), 155640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155640
Kaess, B. M., Pedley, A., Massaro, J. M., Murabito, J., Hoffmann, U., & Fox, C. S. (2012). The ratio of visceral to subcutaneous fat, a metric of body fat distribution, is a unique correlate of cardiometabolic risk. Diabetologia, 55(10), 2622–2630. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-012-2639-5
Liao, S., Omage, S. O., Börmel, L., Kluge, S., Schubert, M., Wallert, M., & Lorkowski, S. (2022). Vitamin E and Metabolic Health: Relevance of Interactions with Other Micronutrients. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 11(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091785
Liu, C., Duan, W., & Xu, W. (2023). Association of Dietary Niacin Intake with Diabetes in Adults in the United States. Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes : Official Journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association, 131(6), 354–361. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2038-0476
Mascolo, E., & Vernì, F. (2020). Vitamin B6 and Diabetes: Relationship and Molecular Mechanisms. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103669
Merz, K. E., & Thurmond, D. C. (2020). Role of Skeletal Muscle in Insulin Resistance and Glucose Uptake. Comprehensive Physiology, 10(3), 785–809. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c190029
Nakamura, Y., Otaki, S., Tanaka, Y., Adachi, A., Wada, N., & Tajiri, Y. (2024). Insulin Resistance Is Better Estimated by Using Fasting Glucose, Lipid Profile, and Body Fat Percent Than by HOMA-IR in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance: An Exploratory Study. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, 22(3), 199–206. https://doi.org/10.1089/met.2023.0181
Organización Mundial de Salud. “OMS.” (2023). Diabetes (p. 2). http://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes
Parra, M., Stahl, S., & Hellmann, H. (2018). Vitamin B₆ and Its Role in Cell Metabolism and Physiology. Cells, 7(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/cells7070084
Patel, P., & Abate, N. (2013). Body fat distribution and insulin resistance. Nutrients, 5(6), 2019–2027. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu5062019
Plaza-lópez, M. F., Valdez-flores, M. A., Herrán-arita, A. K. De, Osuna-ramos, F., Angulo-rojo, C. E., Marlene, A., Llanos, G., Camberos-, J., Fisiología, L. De, Investigación, C. De, De, F., Sinaloa, U. A. De, Inmunogenética, L. De, Biología, F. De, & Sinaloa, U. A. De. (2023). Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico y sus componentes en la población adulta de Culiacán , Sinaloa , México Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in the adult population Diseño de estudio retrospectivo , observacional y descriptivo . 13(4), 367–378.
Rahimi Sakak, F., Moslehi, N., Niroomand, M., & Mirmiran, P. (2021). Glycemic control improvement in individuals with type 2 diabetes with vitamin K(2) supplementation: a randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Nutrition, 60(5), 2495–2506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02419-6
Rodelo, G., Citlaly, & Roura Guiberna Jesús Alberto Olivares Reyes. (2017). Molecular Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance: An Update MEDICAL GAZETTE OF MEXICO REVIEW ARTICLE Correspondence. Gac Med Mex, 153, 214–242.
Rodríguez, J. H., Moncada Espinal, O. M., Domínguez Alonso, E., Díaz Díaz, O., Domínguez, Y. A., García Esplugas, D. M., & Martínez Montenegro, I. (2019). Valor de corte del índice cintura/cadera como predictorindependiente de disglucemias. Revista Cubana de Endocrinología, 30(3), 1–22. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5811-5896
Ruan, Y., Zhong, J., Chen, R., Zhang, Z., Liu, D., Sun, J., & Chen, H. (2021). Association of Body Fat Percentage with Time in Range Generated by Continuous Glucose Monitoring during Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2021, 5551216. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5551216
Rubio-Almanza, M., Cámara-Gómez, R., & Merino-Torres, J. F. (2019). Obesidad y diabetes mellitus tipo 2: también unidas en opciones terapéuticas. Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición, 66(3), 140–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endinu.2018.08.003
Yazıcı, D., Demir, S. Ç., & Sezer, H. (2024). Insulin Resistance, Obesity, and Lipotoxicity. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 1460, 391–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-63657-8_14
Zegarra-Lizana, P. A., Ramos-Orosco, E. J., Guarnizo-Poma, M., Pantoja-Torres, B., Paico-Palacios, S., Del Carmen Ranilla-Seguin, V., Lazaro-Alcantara, H., & Benites-Zapata, V. A. (2019). Relationship between body fat percentage and insulin resistance in adults with Bmi values below 25 Kg/M2 in a private clinic. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews, 13(5), 2855–2859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.07.038
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Nutricion Continua
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
